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Writing references

When you are writing your thesis or another written assignment, it is important that you have correct references.

Two students studying, sitting on a sofa in the Umeå SLU library.

Why you should cite and use references

  • Academic writing builds to a large extent on previous research conducted within a subject area, and your reasoning and conclusions are usually based on these prior sources.
  • If you draw on the ideas and thoughts of another without clearly showing from where they were taken, it is an act of plagiarism, which is strictly prohibited.
  • Academic integrity - i.e. you must give credit where it is due to other authors' work..
  • Those who read your text might be interested in learning more about the subject at hand and should be able to easily turn to the sources you have used

Reference list according to the Harvard system

Here you will find examples for writing a reference list according to the SLU Harvard style.

Long list of references, close up.

In-text citations according to the Harvard system

Here you find instructions on how to create in-text citations according to the Harvard system.

Two students sitting in armchairs and studying.

Oxford and Vancouver

Here you find some information on how to refer according to the Vancouver and Oxford reference systems.

Exterior of older college building in Oxford, England.

Avoid cheating and plagiarism

Here you can read about cheating and plagiarism, and the differences between them.

The word quote on a computer keyboard, close up.
Published: 05 February 2024 - Page editor: bib-webbredaktionen@slu.se
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