Genomic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter using One Health approach, Ethiopia

Campylobacter species are among the leading causes of foodborne infections worldwide, causing significant illness, particularly in young children. In Ethiopia, there are substantial knowledge gaps regarding the molecular epidemiology of human and animal campylobacteriosis, the genomic diversity of Campylobacter, and the molecular mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance. Addressing these gaps is critical for developing effective prevention and control strategies.

This study aims to investigate the genomic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter from humans, livestock, and environmental sources, using a One Health approach. The research will cover urban, peri-urban, and rural settings. A cross-sectional design will be employed, targeting poultry and dairy farms, abattoirs, and households.

Samples are collected from dairy cattle, chickens, farm and abattoir workers, meat, milk, and environmental sources at farms and abattoirs. Campylobacter bacteria are identified using internationally recognized food safety standards, and isolated bacteria are subjected to antimicrobial resistance testing.

Whole genome sequencing is used to confirm the type of Campylobacter present and to explore genomic diversity, transmission patterns, phylogeny, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Results from the project strengthen the scientific basis for designing prevention and control strategies, ultimately contributing to improved food safety and public health.

Collaborations

In addition to the participants at SLU, the project group also includes the following:

• Haileyesus Adamu, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
• Tesfaye Sisay, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia