A wooden multistory building. The photo is taken close to the foot of the building looking up.

RESEARCH PROJECT

KnockOnWood

Updated: June 2025

Project overview

Project start: January 2020 Ending: December 2022

Project manager: Anders Roos

Contact: Anders Roos

Cooperators:

Project manager, Ritva Toivonen, University of Helsinki

More related research

Short summary

Wooden multi-story construction (WMC) has strong potential to satisfy diverse housing needs of urban consumers, enhance promotion of climate-wise construction within municipalities, and boost competitiveness of the companies in the forestry-wood value-chains.

Despite this, WMC market diffusion of WMC has been relatively slow both in Finland and Sweden. KnockOnWood project is especially seeking for solutions to support the development of WMC in Finland and Sweden. However, the results may bring valuable insights also for other countries with similar market conditions.

Output & Activities

KnockOnWood project implementation

The purpose of the KnockOnWood project is to provide systemic information on how housing demand, housing supply and local governance mechanisms affect the WMC market diffusion. In addition, sustainability is an overreaching theme in the KnockOnWood project implementation, since ecological, social, and economic aspects strongly connect to WMC through aims on, e.g., sustainable construction, housing and urbanization.

The practical research work is carried out through analysis of comparative qualitative and quantitative data collected in Finland and Sweden in three work packages (WP). WP1 relates to consumer housing expectations (i.e., housing demand), WP2 to company strategies (i.e., housing supply), and WP3 to municipality governance (i.e., local governance mechanisms).

The specific questions to be answered in each of the WPs are as follows:

WP1: What factors affect customers’ preferences when choosing a home in multi-story house, including the significance of the perceived sustainability aspects of WMC apartments?

WP2: How can company strategies advance a sustainability transition in residential construction based on carbon storage and substitution benefits, and increased value creation in WMC?

WP3: Which factors in the municipal governance explain the level of support to the adoption of WMC and the effectiveness and legitimacy of the carbon-neutrality strategies?

Like illustrated in Figure below, the three WPs address different, but inter-connected aspects of the WMC development in Finland and Sweden. By synthesizing findings of the three WPs, key barriers and enabling factors for positive WMC market development will be identified. The results will benefit the WMC development initiatives both in Finland and Sweden, but also in other countries with similar market conditions.

This illustration shows a framework of the study. It is a large circle that represents Forest – sustainable FOREST MANAGEMENT and wood supply. Inside this large circle is a slightly smaller circle that represents MARKETS for wood products in terms of the wood industry supply for construction. This is the focus for the study, and it is divided in three work packages, that are represented in three circles inside the markets circle. The three Work Packages address different aspects of the wood and construction industry markets (WP1 on consumers, WP2 on companies, and WP3 on municipalities). Each of them represent an empirical study that is carried out in Finland and Sweden respectively. Each of these work packages are interconnected by sustainability objectives. The figure shows their interlinkages, and connections with sustainability goals, and the broader forestry-wood industry value chain (outer circle). — Figure. Synthesizing understanding on the WMC market diffusion barriers and enabling factors in Finland and Sweden through knowledge on consumers, companies and municipalities. Illustration: Katja Lähtinen

The entire research project (Figure 1) is implemented in a collaborative and synchronized way. By doing this, the project serves to create a nuanced understanding of issues studied in each WP and enables better integration of consumers’ and municipalities’ perspectives on housing in the WMC value chain. This supports the building of successful strategies for production and marketing of quality wooden homes for the future citizens of Finland and Sweden. Growth of the WMC market creates competitive growth for the forest sector, too.

This research project aims to contribute to the sustainability transition of the Nordic construction sector towards low-carbon, socially and environmentally sound technologies with an increased role for wood-based residential solutions, i.e. WMC. The study involves consumers, the WMC sector and municipalities – and explores how their interaction can create increased customer value and act as a catalyst for a more sustainable, low-carbon housing sector. This is important as previous research on the WMC markets has only focused on one or a few actor categories at a time.

In order to transform the established modes of operating in multi-storey construction towards higher share of WMC flats, and a more effective integration of climate policy goals and UN SDGs in the industrial strategies, the barriers and the opportunities in the entire forestry-wood construction value chain need to be identified and addressed. This includes working with the business actors (wood material producers, contractors, building developers), the consumers, and municipalities. All these components are addressed in the project through three strongly inter-connected work packages (WPs) described in more detail in the next section.

The main research objective is to identify effective means to transform WMC from a niche player to the main solution in providing sustainable, low-carbon housing for the growing urban populations, through an in-depth understanding of the roles and value creation by the consumers, companies and municipalities. Under this objective, the following research questions for each of the three WPs will be addressed:

WP1: What factors affect customers’ preferences when choosing a flat to live in, including the significance of the perceived sustainability aspects of WMC flats (e.g. carbon storage and substitution)?

WP2: How can company strategies advance a sustainability transition in residential construction based on carbon storage and substitution benefits, and increased value creation in WMC?

WP3: Which factors in the municipal governance explain the level of support to the adoption of WMC and the effectiveness and legitimacy of the carbon-neutrality strategies?

The findings from the sub-studies will be synthesized to establish a thorough understanding of the key factors in consumers’ preferences, companies’ strategies and municipal strategies that promote – and impede – positive market development for the WMC sector, and the associated climate benefits (carbon storage and substitution) and overall sustainability transition in the construction sector.

More about

Advisory Board

Petri Heino, Manager of National Wood Building Program at Ministry of Environment, Ministry of the Environment of Finland, University of Helsinki Helsingfors, Nyland, Finland, petri.heino@ym.fi;

Olli Haltia, managing director at Dasos Capital Ltd, olli.haltia@dasos.fi;

Susanne Rudenstam, träbyggnadskansliet, susanne.rudenstam@trabyggnadskansliet.se

Kerstin Hemström, Chalmers Urban Futures, Centrum för hållbar stadsutveckling, Göteborgs centrum för hållbar utveckling GMV, kerstin.hemstrom@chalmers.se

Time frame

2020-2022 (+ a possible extension due to Covid 19 effects)

Funded by Formas (SWE) and Ministry of Environment (FIN).