Encounters that make a difference: Farm animal assisted interventions

General background

Nature and animal contact may reduce stress, support emotional regulation and encourage social participation (Gunnarsson & Hedblom, 2023). Around 1.3 billion people worldwide live with disabilities (WHO), including acquired conditions that can reduce independence and quality of life. Physical disabilities may also affect mental health and social participation (Ayerby et al., 2013). Conventional rehabilitation addresses physical functioning but may not fully meet emotional, social or motivational needs. Farm animal-assisted interventions (FAAI) could offer a meaningful complement, although their effects, animal welfare implications and feasibility need investigation.

Aim and research questions

The project examines whether interactions with cows and sheep can improve well-being, social participation and quality of life among adults with acquired physical disabilities, while safeguarding animal welfare and assessing sustainable delivery by small farms. We will study activities such as feeding, grooming and quiet contact; changes in mood, sleep, stress and motivation; animal behaviour and stress; the views of assistants and families; and practical, ethical and economic conditions.

1. How do these interactions affect participants’ well-being, including mood, sleep, mental health, and overall quality of life?
2. How do the interactions affect the welfare of the animals?
3. Do relationships develop between animals and individuals, and can specific bonds form?
4. Under what conditions are animal-assisted interventions (AAI), involving cows and sheep, economically sustainable?
5. To what extent do assistants and family members perceive changes in mood and behavior, and can these be attributed to the intervention?

The findings will inform safe, accessible and economically viable FAAI models developed with farms and social services.