Combatting colibacillosis in poultry: measures to prevent outbreaks

Background

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium that inhabits the intestines of many animals including poultry, as part of the normal microbiota. While most E. coli are commensals, helping to prevent colonisation of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine, certain strains E. coli can cause severe diseases in their hosts. E. coli bacteria isolated from localized and systemic infections processes in poultry are referred to as Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) and the infections are collectively known as colibacillosis. Colibacillosis is the most common cause of bacterial infection in poultry globally, affecting all poultry species, age groups and production types.

Project Overview

An in-depth epidemiological study, including a comprehensive risk analysis will be conducted. Poultry affected by APEC will autopsied and samples of pathogenic (APEC) and commensal E. coli will be collected. These E. coli strains will undergo whole genome sequencing testing for antimicrobial resistance for comparison and study of specific virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance testing to analyze specific virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility. This approach aims to increase knowledge of risk factors associated with colibacillosis outbreaks and inform the development of effective control strategies. By improving understanding of APEC epidemiology and resistance patterns, the study will contribute to advancing poultry welfare and enhancing the industry’s ability to sustainably prevent and manage colibacillosis outbreaks.

Aims

The overall aim of this project is to enhance understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of poultry colibacillosis. By gaining insights into these aspects, the project seeks to support the control and prevention of colibacillosis through identifying effective intervention strategies and animal husbandry practices. The ultimate goal is to promote animal health sustainably by preventing outbreaks of colibacillosis, thereby benefiting both poultry welfare and the industry’s long-term resilience.