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Canine respiratory coronavirus in Swedish dogs

Last changed: 30 June 2020
Nose swab dog

Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) has been identified as a causative agent of canine infectious respiratory disease, an upper respiratory infection affecting dogs. The epidemiology is currently opaque, with an unclear understanding of global prevalence, pathology, and genetic characteristics.

In this study, Swedish privately-owned dogs with characteristic signs of canine infectious respiratory disease (n = 88) were screened for CRCoV and 13 positive samples (14.7%, 8.4–23.7% [95% confidence interval (CI)]) were further sequenced.

Sequenced Swedish CRCoV isolates were highly similar despite being detected in dogs living in geographically distant locations and sampled across 3 years (2013–2015). This is due to a single introduction into Swedish dogs in approximately 2010, as inferred by time structured phylogeny.

Unlike other CRCoVs, there was no evidence of recombination in Swedish CRCoV viruses, further supporting a single introduction. Finally, there were low levels of polymorphisms, in the spike genes.

Overall, we demonstrate that there is little diversity of CRCoV which is endemic in Swedish dogs.

Link to the publication

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104290

Reference

Wille, M., Wensman, J.J., Larsson, S., van Damme, R., Theelke, A-K., Hayer, J. & Malmberg, M. 2020. Evolutionary genetics of canine respiratory coronavirus and recent introduction into Swedish dogs. Infect Gen Evol, 82: 104290.


Contact

Maja Malmberg,
Researcher and vice dean, responsible for gender equality and equal opportunities
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, SLU
maja.malmberg@slu.se, +46(0)18-67 27 77